Real Estate
REIT Guides
FFO vs AFFO, cap-rate NAV, mREIT book value and CPR speeds, and tower escalators across the REIT vertical.
18 free guides · 16 company profiles · 3 primers, each with an Excel model
Guides 8
What Is FFO? Funds From Operations Explained
The Nareit definition, how FFO is calculated from net income, and why net income fails for a REIT.
FFO vs AFFO: What's the Difference
Nareit defines FFO; nobody defines AFFO. The adjustments each REIT makes, and how to read them.
How to Calculate NAV for a REIT
Direct capitalisation, cap rate selection, and per-share NAV step-by-step.
Cap Rates by Property Type
Ranges for industrial, office, retail, residential, data centres, and more.
REIT Implied Cap Rate: Reading Discount to NAV
The market's cap rate on a REIT's own portfolio, and how the gap to market cap rates shows discount or premium to NAV.
REIT Screening Checklist: 8 Key Metrics
Occupancy, NOI growth, AFFO payout, leverage. Good/caution/red flag thresholds included.
Industrial vs Office REITs
Demand drivers, lease structures, and valuation divergence post-2020.
REIT Net Debt to EBITDA by Company
Eighteen US equity REITs ranked on their own end-2025 leverage figures, with each definition beside the number.
Company research 6
Mortgage REITs
Agency carry and the book value scoreboard
5 guides · 5 profiles
Guides 5
Agency vs Hybrid Mortgage REITs: Two Different Machines
Agency carry vs hybrid MSRs and CRE loan books; three risk books under one label.
Book Value per Share: the mREIT Scoreboard
BVPS vs tangible net BVPS; economic return and P/B as the market's BVPS forecast.
CPR and Prepayment Risk in Agency MBS
CPR definition, NLY/AGNC portfolio speeds, and duration interaction with leverage.
mREIT Leverage: Economic vs At-Risk Definitions
NLY 5.6× economic vs AGNC 7.2× at-risk; the denominators barely differ, so most of the gap is real.
CRE Debt REITs: Office Exposure and Non-Accruals
Office mix on different bases; distributable earnings vs dividend coverage at STWD and BXMT.
Company research 5
Infrastructure & Digital REITs
Towers and data centres on P/AFFO bands
5 guides · 5 profiles
Guides 5
Tower REIT Lease Escalators: the 3% Machine
US ~3% fixed escalators; escalator − churn + colo drives mid-single-digit organic billings growth.
Churn in Tower and Data Centre REITs
Definition differences across AMT, CCI, SBAC, and EQIX; domestic tower band ~1–2%.
AFFO for Towers: What It Shows That FFO Misses
AFFO as dividend-capacity metric; why AFFO per share ranks nothing, and the P/AFFO band that does.
Data Centre REITs and the Power Constraint
Grid queues and regional load growth; bookings without power visibility are option value.
Colocation vs Hyperscale: Two Data Centre Economics
EQIX interconnection density vs DLR hyperscale bookings; AFFO vs Core FFO headline bases.
Company research 5
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